Word: apolipoprotein
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Alzheimer's by 54 percent. The 16-year study, conducted by Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions and the National Institute of Aging, found that estrogen, natural levels of which drop sharply after menopause, may stave off Alzheimer's by stimulating the growth of nerve cells and inhibiting the production of apolipoprotein E, a fatty acid linked to the brain disorder. Scientists also think the hormone helps increase levels of acetylcholine, a crucial transmitter of nerve messages in the brain. The finding helps to support previous indications that estrogen may help prevent the onset of Alzheimer's. Other research, however, suggests that...
...Calment's mother lived to 86, her father to 93. Scientists speculate that long-lived people may carry genes that confer special resistance to the assault of free radicals, chemical residues of metabolism that do increasing damage to DNA as the years roll by. Researchers are also looking at apolipoprotein E, a substance that ferries cholesterol to and from cells. People vulnerable to Alzheimer's and heart disease tend to have a certain type of gene for this protein, while those who live longest tend to have another type...
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