Word: approaches
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...services, and reduce total costs. Only the fourth objective would have much effect on productivity statistics as they are currently measured, which reflects an old-fashioned bias toward things that can be readily counted. Nowadays, simply counting widgets doesn't tell us what's going on. Brynjolfsson likens that approach to the reasoning of the drunk in an ancient joke: he looks for his lost keys under a streetlight not because that's where he dropped them but because the light is brighter there...
That's one sign of computer abuse in the work force, agrees Kimberly Young, a professor of psychology at the University of Pittsburgh and author of Caught in the Net (John Wiley & Sons). Other signs include startled looks and furtive attempts to cover up the screen when supervisors approach work spaces, an inordinate increase in mistakes from employees who had previously made few--"Their attention is being pulled in another direction," explains Young--and a sudden decrease of interaction with colleagues. "A lot of relationships they're making online take the place of the co-workers," Young says...
Experts recommend that managers call in their companies' employee-assistance programs to help in such cases, but aid for the afflicted is scarce. In addition to traditional offline therapy, Young offers a virtual clinic with chat rooms and e-mail counseling on her website--an approach that University of Cincinnati psychiatrist Dr. Toby Goldsmith likens to "taking an alcoholic to an A.A. meeting in a bar." Goldsmith reports that some of the participants in her group's study are having success curbing their computer compulsion after taking mood stabilizers, sometimes combined with antidepressants...
...theories of the unconscious and the impact of early-childhood experiences on our adult psyches, his methods of psychoanalysis, his very vocabulary--the id and superego, repression and libido--are the foundation on which modern psychology is built. Yet most practitioners no longer adhere strictly to his approach. Some critics have claimed that his theories were based on shaky science or were contaminated by Freud's mistakes and manipulation of patients. Traditional Freudian analysis is now practiced by only a small cadre, overshadowed by drug therapies and short-term counseling more likely to be covered by managed care...
Arguing for a return to pleasure as the focal point of the poetic experience, Koch dismissed the postmodern literary theory which has been the center of academic pedagogy for the last three decades: "As a primary approach to a work of art, it doesn't make any more sense than as a primary approach to swimming." He held instead that a simpler, more casual approach was a better way into the poetic experience, claiming that "writing poetry should be a little like being at a party. You dance, you drink, you flirt, and you don't have to come...