Word: arab
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Nowhere in the world do British troubles seem more insoluble than in Palestine, where Britain is the mandated umpire between Jewish Zionism and Arab Nationalism. Because Britain made conflicting promises to both Jews and Arabs during the pressure of the World War, she has ever since tried to reconcile opposing Jewish and Arab ambitions. The British long hesitated to make a choice, preferring to muddle along without a policy. The Jews had the money, they could get a hearing in the world press. The Arabs had the numbers, and they proved by a murderous campaign of terrorism that they could...
...until a small-scale war between British troops and roving Arab guerrillas had developed did the British decide that final settlement of the Palestine problem could wait no longer. First British proposals, rejected by both Jews and Arabs and later abandoned by their sponsors, were for a partition of Palestine into separate Arab, Jewish and British-mandated territories. When this failed, Arab and Jewish delegations were brought to London to find a compromise. When these talks petered out "His Majesty's Government felt free to formulate their owrn policy...
Last week that policy was made public. Having promised the Jews a "homeland" and the Arabs an independent State in Palestine, the British in a White Paper as bland as Lord Runciman's apologia for the Czecho-Slovakia debacle, chose to interpret this to mean that the Jews should have about as much "homeland" as they have now achieved in Palestine, but that they should not be allowed to expand to a point of depriving the Arabs of their majority control in politics and land ownership. Jews fumed and charged that once more Great Britain had expediently bowed...
...British plan calls for: 1) a permanently Arab-dominated State with a frozen Arab majority of two to one; 2) restriction of Jewish immigration for the next five years to 75,000, bringing the total Jewish population to approximately 525,000 (Arab population, 990,000); 3) restrictions on the sale of land to Jews; 4) an independent Palestine with guarantees for the Jewish minority, following a ten-year period of increasing self-government...
Lieut. General Robert H. Haining, commander of the British forces in Palestine, mustered 15,000 troops, 7.300 policemen, and 700 aviators to counter the expected Jewish reaction. Jews have spilled little blood in retaliation for Arab terrorism, but the British "betrayal" made many of them fighting mad. Indignant manifestoes were loudly cheered at mass meetings: "Palestine Jewry declares this betrayal policy will never materialize. Palestine Jewry will fight it with all its forces." In Jerusalem 5,000 demonstrators armed with stones battled club-swinging police. Toll: 135 Jews and five constables injured; one constable killed. Most Jews regretted the actions...