Word: arabism
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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More significant than the relentless shrinkage in royal regimes is the fact that the shift in Libya gives the 14-nation Arab League a leftist majority for the first time. Before, the league was equally balanced between radical and conservative states-or, as the leftists put it, between the "free Arabs" and the "kept Arabs." Now there are eight left-leaning states (Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Algeria, Sudan, the two Yemens and Libya), and six conservative governments that accept Western support and admit Western influence (the three kingdoms, plus Lebanon, Kuwait and Tunisia...
...third time in little more than three months, a coup d'état shook the Arab world last week. Hard on the upheavals in the Sudan and South Yemen, leftist army officers in Libya seized the oil-rich kingdom of King Idris and proclaimed "the Libyan Arab Republic" with the Nasser-style slogan, "Freedom, Unity, Socialism...
...coup in Libya (see following story) reduced the number of reigning Arab monarchs to three, and only one of them seems reasonably secure-Morocco's King Hassan II. Jordan's Hussein is under pressure from Palestinian commandos, who use his territory as a base, and from Israeli retaliation. Saudi Arabia's King Feisal forestalled a coup by young air force officers only six weeks ago. Since then, he reportedly jailed hundreds of plotters and condemned 30 to death by beheading...
Though the League now has a clear-cut majority, it is no nearer to unity as a result. While the tanks were rolling in Libya, an Arab summit of sorts was assembling in Cairo under the leadership of President Nasser. Algeria's President Houari Boumedienne described the main subject of discussion as "the battle of destiny"-the campaign against Israel. The secret talks were aimed at finding ways of better coordinating operations of the units from eight Arab armies that are arrayed (or rather disarrayed) along Israel's frontiers...
Also conferring in Cairo last week were seven of the eleven competing Arab guerrilla movements. The guerrillas, however, were even busier along Israel's beleaguered borders-and beyond. In clashes and rocket attacks in the Jordan Valley, on the Syrian heights and near the Lebanese border, twelve Israeli troops and civilians were killed. The Israelis hit back with Mirage and Skyhawk jets-three times in Jordan, twice in Lebanon. Despite a U.N. Security Council condemnation last month for bombing Lebanese villages used by guerrillas, the Israelis struck harder there last week. In their first infantry sortie into the country...