Word: arabism
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Iranian Foreign Minister Ghollam Abbas Aram used the flare-up to resurrect another longstanding dispute between the two countries over the Shatt-al-Arab River, whose waters, which empty into the Persian Gulf, they are supposed to share. Aram accused Iraq of obstructing Iranian traffic, ignoring a 1937 agreement that was meant to regulate use of the river waters. Announced Aram: "The Iranian government regards the agreement as breached." With that, Iran ordered a mobilization of its forces along the border, alerted its elite Kermanshah Division, scrambled its U.S.-built supersonic F-5 jet fighters, vowing to "silence the voice...
...months Syria's militantly leftist regime has protested the steady march to political moderation in the Arab world. Last week Damascus itself joined the parade...
...shift grew out of a split in Syria's ruling Pan-Arab Baath Party between General Salah Jadid, leader of a powerful clique of pro-Peking officers, and Strongman General Amin Hafez, top dog in Syria since 1963. At the Casablanca conference of Arab leaders last September, Hafez pledged Syria to an agreement not to meddle in other states' internal affairs. Objecting, the Jadid group blamed a "right-wing reactionism" for the moderating tendencies in other Arab nations, argued for Syrian leadership to restore the "progressive Arab socialist outlook...
Picked to form a new government last week, replacing the pro-Jadid Premier Youssef Zayyen, was Salah Bitar, 53, Baath co-founder who holds that "to take Marxism as an absolute and comprehensive ideology conflicts with the Arab revolution, which is basically nationalist." Syria would remain socialist, if somewhat less stridently. Abroad this would mean happier relations with its moderating socialist as well as non-socialist Arab neighbors (last week Damascus received an envoy from Kuwait to renew negotiations for a $56 million Kuwaiti loan), and at home a better break for what remains of Syria's long-beleaguered...
Though nominally a socialist, Mohieddin is above all a pragmatist. His tough policies for the nation (which he calls "Egypt," rather than the grandiose "United Arab Republic") have created such a favorable impression abroad that the U.S. has resumed its food shipments, and France, Kuwait, and the Chase Manhattan Bank have kicked in $75 million in emergency credit as a vote of confidence in Egypt's new direction...