Word: arabism
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...military rulers, who are struggling to hold together the empire of the late Haile Selassie, whom they deposed in 1974. On the other are the 4 million people of Eritrea, Ethiopia's northern province. But also involved in the drama are the Soviet Union, Cuba, most of the Arab states, and the U.S.-and at stake is who will eventually control the strategic oil routes of the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean...
...Eritreans today are also supported by most of the other Arab states-Syria, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Iraq and Kuwait. The Arabs have always tended to favor the Eritreans over the Ethiopians because they wanted the region to be Arab-oriented. Today the Arab states support Eritrea for an additional reason: the Soviets support Eritrea's enemy, Ethiopia. The Arabs are anxious that the Horn of Africa should not become a Russian zone of influence...
...strengthened its ties with Cairo and Khartoum but, with the fall of Haile Selassie and the rise of the leftist military regime in Addis Ababa, has lost out there.) The Soviets have given the Ethiopians $100 million in military aid, while Libya's Strongman Muammar Gaddafi-ever the Arab world's odd man out-has done the same. Moreover, an estimated 3,000 Cubans are now in Ethiopia helping to prepare the peasant army for its assault on Eritrea...
...Five Arab states in the Middle East-Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Libya, North Yemen-base their laws on the Koran. In Egypt, which prides itself on its Western-style sophistication, a parliamentary commission is at work on a new code, based on Islamic law, that would make apostasy, among other crimes, punishable by death. A rider to the proposed bill provides that if a Muslim becomes a Communist he would be considered apostate and therefore subject to beheading...
...French-and English-speaking communities. Middle Easterners are apprehensive about what they see as political and economic drift in the European countries, where they have traditionally salted away their wealth. Says Dr. Nazmi Abdel Hamid, former governor of Egypt's Central Bank and now an adviser to the Arab-European Bank: "Increasingly...