Word: arabism
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...South Korea's assumption that a defendant is guilty until proved innocent and Saudi Arabia's custom of severing a thief's hand after three convictions. And there is little to be gained by comparing Israel's use of detention without trial in the occupied Arab territories with Egypt's control of the major news media...
...mean something else. Jimmy Carter has been tossing out these words with frightening freedom-frightening at least to some of the Middle East leaders and most professional diplomats. As ambiguous as any oracle. Carter has bestowed some of these loaded words on just about every aggrieved party in the Arab-Israeli conflict; but for the moment at least, the Israelis seem to be getting the worst of it. After Carter had announced himself in favor of a Palestinian "homeland," there were widespread suspicions that the President might be laying the groundwork for a subtle shift in American policy-not really...
Often lacking well-developed institutional or ideological bases, political formations in the Arab world have frequently depended on personalities. Much of recent political formation in the Arab world has been a response towards or away from the actions and words of Gamal Abdel Nasser. The chapter on Nasserism (written by Jacqueline Ismael) gives another focus to the subject. That movement exemplified the complex and often vaguely-defined nature of political alliances in the Arab world, for "while Nasser lived, Nasserism meant most directly the leadership of Nasser. As an ideology, it remained incoherent, as a movement, unorganized." The survival...
Thorough documentation of Arabic sources and frequent quotations from the political broadsheets of each organization has enhanced Ismael's effort to communicate the shades of tone and policy among and within diverse organs of the Left. In addition, the Appendices--translations of the Ba'ath Constitution and excerpts from manifestos of other groups--are useful source material, much of it never before available in English. Ismael's book is thus both a solid source guide to the development of certain leftist political organizations in the Arab world and a concise, not too formidable, introduction to a confusing subject...
POLITICAL ANALYSIS frequently seems out of touch with events in time. But, while the business of ideological pronouncements and shifting alliances among radicalized elements in the Arab world seems by its very complexity to preoccupy its adherents, paradoxically choking effective action, Ismael would have us believe (and rightly so) that the flowering of such groups carries a message which ought to shake the Western Powers out of complacency, compelling them to reexamine their own alliances and operational stances. "In a word, if the sufferings of the Arab masses are not alleviated and if the basic aspirations of these masses...