Word: aramburu
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...receiver of the bankrupt dictatorship is Provisional President Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, 54, a two-star general. His lot has been an economic migraine headache compounded by unending plots against him and dismaying political anxieties. Because he is unexcitable and firm, he has not only survived for 18 months but has also turned his nation around and faced it toward political and economic revival. Even more notably, he has made an articulate, reiterated, unequivocal promise to liquidate his own regime as well as Peron's, and give the government back to elected civilians...
...Ours was a revolution against the dictatorial state system," says Aramburu. "We could not live in it. We were suffocating. We fought for the right to live." Of himself and the four military commanders who help him run his government, Aramburu says: "It is not a new thing in our country, and it seems to be a Latin American evil, that military personalities seek to make themselves dictators through recourse to the arms that the people themselves pay for. We shall so conduct ourselves that the army, in a democratic spirit, as in such other countries as the U.S., England...
Plot's Roots. The stern lines of disapproval that are the normal set of Pedro Aramburu's face deepened as he watched his country's political and economic slide. In 1950, as a colonel, Aramburu joined three other army officers in the beginning of the plot that finally dethroned Perón. Over the years the plotters brought in officers from the other services. They drew first blood from the dictatorship on June 16, 1955, when navy and air force planes bombed the Casa Rosada, the downtown presidential office building, killing...
Militarily, the next try, just three months later, was even less brilliant. The rebels under General Eduardo Lonardi took inland Cordoba, but General Aramburu, attempting to subvert the garrison at Curuzu Cuatia, had to get out afoot when Perón poured reinforcements against him. After three days of fighting, Perón's general staff in Buenos Aires correctly concluded that it could contain the uprising-and it probably would have, except for a rebel admiral named Isaac Rojas, who had commanded the uprising at a naval base, was now heading for the capital in the captured cruiser...
...prop up the slipping Argentine peso (now down to 40 to the dollar at the free rate). Aramburu last week got a $75 million loan from the International Monetary Fund. To draw the dollars. Argentina must post an equivalent sum in pesos (figured at the official rate of 18 to the dollar) and within three to five years must repurchase the pesos with dollars at the same ratio...