Word: arbenz
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...little (5 ft. 7 in., 135 Ibs.) President left prosperity and surface stability, but no sound political philosophy, organization or heir apparent. In the three years since his rag-tag army and Nicaragua-based air force (six F-47s) forced out the Red-led regime of Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán, Castillo was the country's undisputed ruler-shy and diffident in manner, often indecisive as an administrator, but capable on occasion of moving with stern severity...
...academy, and the U.S. Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kans., he cracked down relentlessly on Communism, which he had learned to hate as a career officer. He had seen Communism spreading in Guatemala for ten years. For a plot to head off the rigged election of Arbenz in 1950, he faced a firing squad; luckily hit only in the left leg, he returned to prison, helped dig a 38-ft. tunnel under the walls, and escaped to begin the plot that took Guatemala. With the aid of ten separate police forces, he jailed or exiled the Arbenz...
...year the Soviet Union ships about $100 million worth of gold to Switzerland, presumably to finance such undercover operations as its spying and propaganda network in the West, trade deals to get around the embargo on strategic goods. Such ousted rulers as Egypt's Farouk, ex-President Jacobo Arbenz of Guatemala and Argentina's ousted Dictator Juan Perón keep fortunes in Swiss banks all presumably pilfered from public funds. But sometimes the secrecy of Swiss banks defeats itself. Many an owner of a secret account has simply disappeared, leaving his money still on deposit. Estimated amount...
...reform begun in 1952 by Red-led President Jacobo Arbenz actually moved 87,000 peasant families onto plots of their own. Some legally took over uncultivated parts of confiscated estates; more, inflamed by the example, simply seized land amid scenes of bloodshed and destruction. After Castillo Armas took power, many landlords grabbed back their holdings with equal violence. The bulk of the 1,950,000 indifferent, largely illiterate Indians stayed unbenefited on their subsistence corn patches high in the mountains...
...provides for the well-compensated expropriation of idle parts of big estates and their division among the landless. The new plan offers technical assistance, credit, housing and "fundamental agrarian education" aimed at turning the withdrawn Indians into cash-crop farmers and cash-spending consumers. In contrast to the Arbenz regime's land reform decree, which retained a lien on government-issued land (to keep beneficiaries voting the right way), the new law gives outright possession. To prevent estate owners from buying their land right back, it forbids resale for 25 years without government consent...