Word: arbenz
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Both the Soviet sweet talk and the Latino sour pointed up the fact that Communist influence in Latin America has waned during the past decade. The only pro-Communist government in postwar Latin America, the Arbenz regime in Guatemala, collapsed in 1954. Communist parties are now illegal in 15 out of 20 Latin American republics. Only three south-of-the-border countries (Mexico, Argentina, Uruguay) maintain diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. Communist-bloc trade with Latin America, though expanding, amounted in 1955 to less than 5% of U.S.-Latin American trade, and Red performance on promises was ragged (TIME...
...groups. ¶ The National University is guaranteed 2% of the national budget. ¶ The exiling of citizens, hitherto a favored political punishment, is forbidden (though a temporary clause permits Castillo Armas to override the ban for the time being in order to keep out henchmen of deposed President Jacobo Arbenz...
...constitution will not go into effect until March. That circumstance last week saved Castillo Armas from having to use his special clause right away, when the government discovered what it said was a plot run by Guatemalans associated with Arbenz. With the eyebrow-raising explanation that "I will follow Communist methods in suppressing subversion-they taught us how to do it," the President jailed dozens of his opponents. Most were soon freed again, but four were exiled to El Salvador...
Soldier. Rose to lieutenant colonel in artillery and infantry commands under the post-1944 leftist government, with time out for study at Fort Leavenworth, Kans. and West Point. Bvoke with the government after the 1949 assassination of his friend and patron, anti-Communist Colonel Francisco Arana, Arbenz' main rival for the presidency...
Revolutionary. Dropped from army rolls, he ran a grocery, plotted with other discontented officers, got caught. Sent before a firing squad with 17 others, he saved himself by feigning death after bullets only nicked his leg. Talked his way into army hospital, after which Arbenz & Co. relented and sent him to prison. Escaped spectacularly to foreign exile by digging a tunnel under the wall of Guatemala City's National Penitentiary. From neighboring Honduras in June 1954 he walked into Guatemala at the head of 400 half-trained volunteers, and, backed up by four vintage fighter planes, defeated...