Word: architects
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Baltusrol's lower course had been redesigned by famed Golf-Course Architect Robert Trent Jones (see box). Its slim fairways were stretched out to 7,027 yards and its bunkers and greens were scientifically remodeled-at a cost of $50,000-to test the skill of the most accurate golfer...
...been more successful in the science of designing golf courses than Robert Trent Jones, 48. A onetime tournament player (until ulcers forced him to relax) and something of an expert in surveying, hydraulics, horticulture and agronomy, Landscape Architect Jones has quietly masterminded a revolution in the design of golf courses. Before he came on the scene, most American courses were built on the "penal principle." Hazards were everywhere, to punish any player whose shots strayed from the straight & narrow...
...sense, the last 25 years have been a continuing duel between golfers and golf-course architects. As the golfers kept scoring lower and lower-thanks, in part, to improved equipment-the architects had to think up new ways to keep the courses from getting too easy. With balanced, steel-shafted clubs and hopped-up golf balls, good players were going out on established courses and easily smacking their tee shots past once-dangerous hazards. Duffers and mediocre golfers were running into all the trouble. Architect Jones has been forced to drain swampland, dam creeks and rearrange sand dunes...
...easy to throw stones at the glass houses of Architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. To traditionalists, who want their living and working places to combine comfort and beauty, Mies's stark, steel-ribbed structures seem as sterile-and ominous-as a steer's skeleton burned white in the desert sun. But Mies* is one of the most important architects of his time. Together with Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright, he has had a profound influence on cityscapes of the 20th century...
...theories are given full expression. The new building, to be ready next summer, achieves Mies's "universal space" by having a 120-ft. by 220-ft. area completely free of supports or other encumbrances; he turned the trick by suspending the roof from four outside steel girders. Says Architect Mies: "It is a practical thing, because it leaves the ceiling completely free of interruption. There is an esthetic reason, too. The girders draw attention. A girder is nothing to be ashamed...