Word: arcs
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...Pantages circuit, cruised over Lake Washington. In the immense structural shop at the Charleston Navy Yard the work went on: the steel plates rumbled through the press rolls in surging roars, the hydraulic presses crunched down, the giant shears clamped through metal, the brilliant blue glare from the arc welders shot up through the steeple-high cranes that crawled overhead. There the men with boilermakers' ears said things to each other that involved no questions about the fleet...
...battlefield of World War II has been more often contested than the 100-mile arc that fans north of Changsha, mid-China communications junction. Three times in three years the Japanese have slashed their way down from the Yangtze to fail almost at the gates of the city's smoke-stained shell...
...week, Bock's northern army was driven back, his southern army was withdrawing rapidly under ferocious hammering. According to the Russians, 51 divisions had been swept into retreat, leaving behind 1,434 tanks, 5,416 trucks, 575 field guns, 339 trench mortars, 869 machine guns. On the defensive arc of the capital, 400 villages and towns had been recaptured in a week. Since Nov. 16, said the Russians, 85,000 Germans had been killed...
Machine tools. Casting is being nudged aside too by arc welding, notably in the machine-tool industry. Welding allows the frames of huge presses, drills, saws, etc., to be built of smaller pieces rather than cast in large chunks which then have to be cut, shaped and finished. Welding can cut by 25% (average) the time and cost of manufacturing the $450,000,000 worth of machine tools required yearly by the arming...
Resistance welding in its several forms, like arc welding, has made notable contributions to defense production. Commonest form is spot welding: two pieces of thin metal are fused together by the heat generated, due to their electrical resistance when an electric current passes through them. Unlike arc welding, melting of the current-feeding electrode is avoided by: 1) making the electrode partly of copper, whose resistance is very low; 2) mixing the copper, through powder-metal techniques (TIME, Sept. 29), with compounds whose melting point is far higher than steel's; 3) cooling the electrode with water...