Word: artfully
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Marinetti, the leader of the futurists, who called himself the "caffeine of Europe," had such an impact in Russia that for decades afterward all advanced or difficult-looking art tended to be lumped, by officials, under the general title of "futurism"; and when Octobrist painters shouted the slogan, "In the name of our tomorrow, let us burn Raphael!" they were adopting Marinetti's febrile rhetoric against the art of the past. In those years, even Marc Chagall was the painter he would never be again: the delight in form rather than nostalgia as the stuff of poetry that pervades...
...Revolution that focused the energies of Soviet art. The outsiders now became insiders; their opposition to the old order and its tastes was crystallized on a political level that, as artists, they could enthusiastically serve. But they were not content to be dandies like Marinetti. They wanted to construct. Hence their special relationship to the young Communist state. Today no revolutionary government that had just seized control of a vast, economically foundering country would bother with artists or art schools. The U.S.S.R. did so after the Revolution, thanks to two circumstances that hold true in no modern capitalist state. Print...
Lenin had already conceived of a mass culture, separate and distinct from the high culture of the salons and the Bolshoi; and in 1917 the Central Committee announced that "in art, the proletariat is drawn to ... strong, bright and clear forms, to what is complete and has definite meaning." This was probably meant to encourage agitprop poster design. The artists, however, took it as a stamp of approval for cubo-futurism, suprematism, constructivism and the other isms that the ferment of Western art had helped set off. In their enthusiasm to create a new culture that would be a synthesis...
...would have topped out at 1,400 ft., dwarfed the Eiffel Tower and given the U.S.S.R. the greatest industrial metaphor in the world, was a euphoric paean to the marriage of "objective" material-girders and glass-with dialectics The idea of a necessary link between the nature of modern art and the aims of socialism was everywhere. "Each part of a futurist picture," Natan Altman argued, "acquires meaning only through the interaction of all the other parts"; its task was not to depict, but to explain dialectical relationships. Illegible in themselves, the fragments of form live "a collective life," like...
...drama was only a training exercise. In fact, "emergencies" are daily happenings at General Electric's Boiling Water Reactor Training Center in Morris, Ill., 50 miles southwest of Chicago. Since it opened eleven years ago, it has been instructing more than 400 people a year in the fine art of running and maintaining G.E.-built reactors. Says Don Janacek, the school's "dean": "Our aim is to produce people who can operate their plants not just efficiently but safely...