Word: artisanal
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...soldiers and industry. Grandfather Giovanni Agnelli gave up a military career in 1899 and founded, with partners, Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino.* After some early hard times, Giovanni took personal control. Soon Fiat prospered on the strength of racing successes. It absorbed many early rivals and moved from artisan to assembly-line production, which enabled it to build 70% of the Italian Army's World War I trucks. The company went on to furnish Mussolini's military, and Il Duce rewarded it with the tariff protection and freedom from strikes that guaranteed its preeminence. In 1921, the year before...
...Artisan with Tools...
Bach himself never dreamed of such a thing. Rarely has an artist ever worked with less thought of teaching posterity. He considered himself not an artist, but an artisan, no more elevated in stature than a cabinetmaker with his tools and wood. This was before the Romantic era introduced a more heroic, self-indulgent conception of the artist; still, even some of Bach's contemporaries were afflicted with careerism and flashes of temperament. Bach, throughout his life, merely tried to do an honest job. "I was obliged to be industrious," he said. "Whoever is equally industrious will succeed just...
...million, between 1961 and 1967. While new plans call for catering to the drip-dry set, CIGA will continue to coddle the upper crust. The rare cathedral glass of Venice's Danieli, which was built in the 15th century, will still be repaired by the only living artisan with the necessary know-how. Faithful customers, who range from Europe's nobility to Actor Peter Sellers, will still receive the same tender care they have learned to expect from CIGA employees. At Rome's Grand, for example, silver-haired Lorenzo ("the Magnificent") Colasanti, a 35-year CIGA veteran...
...that the cathedral is a series of frozen tableaux of medieval life, depicting not only its highest ideals and aspirations but also the age's pungent humor, conflicts and upheavals. He decisively abolishes the traditional cliché that the medieval church artist was a humble, self-effacing artisan who labored piously for the greater glory of God and his own salvation. Instead, Kraus emphasizes that at least 25,000 artists left recorded names, won high wages and even knighthoods for their work, and notes that workmen occasionally even went on strike when monastery food fell below expectations. To medieval...