Word: arzawa
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...only treasure that lies beneath the timeless sands of the Middle East. Temples, churches, palaces and whole cities wait for the digging; the finds of the past decade-at Harran and Arzawa in Turkey and Dura Europos in Syria-indicate how much more is to come. This week the government of Israel was opening to tourists the latest major discovery: the remains of one of the earliest Christian churches in the world...
...scholars read more of the bricks, they found that the Hittite archives had not been thoroughly screened. In them were records of campaigns not convincingly triumphant. There were even official letters from a powerful nation, Arzawa, which had matched the Hittites blow for blow. Except for these few clues, however, Arzawa vanished from history...
Champagne Glass Trail. Archaeologist Seton Lloyd, director of the British Institute of Archaeology in Ankara, tells in the Scientific American how British diggers uncovered Arzawa. First, Student James Mellaart reconnoitered southwestern Anatolia, looking for mounds, stones and bits of pottery. Some of the potsherds could be fitted together into graceful drinking vessels like champagne glasses. They led Mellaart, like bits of paper in a paper chase, to the centers of the long-forgotten culture, southeast of Istanbul...
...full-dress expedition followed and attacked a promising mound called Beycesultan on the headwaters of the Meander* River. First find was archaeological peanuts: a Byzantine town about 2,000 years younger than Arzawa. Under the Byzantine ruins, the diggers uncovered a row of small houses that had been destroyed by fire. Mixed in the ruins were the telltale "champagne glasses." The first bit of Arzawa had come into the sunlight...
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