Word: aswan
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Reds have worked hardest. Hungary is shipping the Egyptians between 50 and 90 locomotives and freight cars to go with them; Russian tankers have delivered the first of some 500,000 tons of Rumanian and Russian oil. The Kremlin has even offered to help build the giant new Aswan dam, which Premier Abdel Nasser believes his country must have or starve (Nasser has already signed up an English engineering firm to design the dam, but so far has been unable to get money out of the World Bank to build...
When Egypt thumbed its nose at the United States late last month by openly arranging with Russia to purchase Czechoslovak arms, the State Department protested. But when the Soviet Ambassador to Egypt offered to finance the proposed Nile dam as Aswan and to expand the existing American technical assistance program in Egypt, he jolted the U.S. into action. Last Thursday the State Department hastily announced that the U.S. was itself offering to finance this...
This warmth in Washington's attitude toward aid naturally made the Egyptians play "hard to get." They began to listen to Soviet offers, both of arms and, equally importantly, of technical aid with the Aswan dam project. Yet stiff provision in their agreements with the U.S. also confused the Egyptians. As much as anything else it was their confusion over American technical aid intentions which made the Egyptians receptive to Soviet promises...
This conclusion should not suggest that if the United States had financed the Aswan dam in the first place, Russia would not have made its offers and there would be no Middle East tensions. Such dams cost over $1 billion, and the U.S. obviously can't go building them wherever underdeveloped countries need them. Nor does it mean that the U.S. should give technical aid without regard to the overall aims of its foreign policy. It only suggests that instead of an unholy alliance between its military and technical and programs, the U.S. should let the two stand separately...
EGYPT, by an agreement with Britain which has outlasted riots and mutual insults, controls the flow of the Nile. She thus manages to support 17 million fellahin on a thin green strip of land along its banks. The Nile's surplus is dammed up at Aswan during the wet season, released during the dry. Now in process: a Nile "century" scheme to even out wet and dry decades and provide an ever-normal flow for irrigation by making Lake Victoria into the world's largest storage...