Word: atahualpa
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...Newmont Mining Corp. (2002 revenues: $2.75 billion). Yanacocha mined 2.3 million oz. of gold last year and earned $700 million, but 75% of the town's population lives in poverty. Cajamarca resident Silvio Suarez likes to show tourists the "ransom room," a stone building that the last Inca Emperor, Atahualpa, filled with gold for the Spaniards in 1532. Then they killed him. Foreign-owned mines, says Suarez, "are taking our gold the way the Spaniards took the Inca gold to their king...
...Peruvian state in the early 1990s. Smaller than its notorious rival, Tupac Amaru drew inspiration not from China but from Cuba, and recruits from the countrys farthest shantytowns of the dispossessed poor. The organization's name has a bloody history. It first belonged to the nephew and heir of Atahualpa, the Incan King whom the Spanish conquistadores garroted in 1533. Tupac Amaru (which means "Royal Serpent" in Quechua) resisted his uncle's executioners for years, but was finally captured in 1572, whereupon he was paraded on a mule through the streets of Cuzco and beheaded with a cutlass. Two centuries...
...forced fusion of cultures can sometimes produce brilliant offspring. A case in point is colonial Peru. After King Atahualpa was garroted by Francisco Pizarro in 1533, the Spanish conquistadors turned the Inca kingdom into a viceroyalty; some 16 million Indians were enslaved and converted at gunpoint. Indian artisans were appalled by the viceroy's cruelty, but they were thankful for the priests' ministrations. They embraced the conquerors' faith with fervor. They reared churches of baroque magnificence, carved passion figures of harrowing pathos. Delicately they embellished icons and chamber pots alike with the gold once sacred...
...avaricious Spaniards, gold was simply rare and therefore of monetary value; when a nation had enough, it became rich. The Indians were astonished at this attitude, and surmised that the white men had some physical disease that could only be cured by gold. The Inca Emperor Atahualpa had to ransom himself from the swinish Spanish Adventurer Pizarro with a roomful of the stuff-13,000 lbs., all told. (For his pains, Atahualpa was strangled.) Indifferently, the Spaniards melted art into bullion; their pillage increased Europe's gold supply by 20%, part of which went to finance the ill-fated...
...that a modern Christian society encounters a powerful enemy ruled by a son-of-heaven. . . . The Inca Empire's ten million people fell to Pizarro's 180 men not so much because of the Spaniards' firearms and horses, but because of Pizarro's capture of Atahualpa, the queen...