Word: atomization
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Smashing and Quietude. Meanwhile around the speechmakers, the big university was going about its manifold chores without much rhetoric and with obvious Americanism. In a special building California's $1,150,000 atom-smashing cyclotron was harnessed to the militarily secret imagination of Nobel Prizeman Ernest Orlando Lawrence. The Signal Corps invaders of the Agricultural College at Davis had not disturbed the quiet of university researchers. They had just discovered, for instance, that of each sugar-beet seed's five segments, only one need be planted-thus avoiding the wearisome labor of thinning...
...when four hydrogen atoms are combined into one helium atom, as is possible at the sun's center temperature of 20,000,000° Centigrade, there is a loss of 0.0286 units of atomic weight. It is this mass which is converted into energy, according to Einstein's relativity formulas. On this principle, for each gram of the sun's hydrogen there would be about 55,000 kilowatt hours of available energy...
...Ernest Orlando Lawrence (1939), University of California physicist, pioneer in atom smashing, father of the cyclotron...
...Chicago's Dr. Marcel Schein, who has explored the upper atmosphere by recording instruments sent up in balloons. He proposed repeating the ascensions at the equator to find out whether the mesotrons are formed merely by the explosion of the original proton or are formed from earthly atoms by collision. This would throw light on the basic question: what does it take to break up a proton-i.e., how much energy is needed to smash an atom...
Stars From An Egg. Chandrasekhar's inspiration was the "expanding universe'' theory of Belgium's Canon Georges Lemaitre, who eleven years ago suggested that all the matter in the universe was once condensed into a single primordial atom-"Lemaitre's egg," as genial scientists call...