Word: atomizers
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Paris the Jean Frederic Joliots (daughter & son-in-law of Mme Marie Sklodowska Curie) projected alpha particles at lithium atoms. From each collision they recovered a boron atom and a neutron, which together weighed more than the original lithium atom and alpha particle. Dr. Kenneth Tompkins Bainbridge of the Bartol Research Foundation showed that the additional weight must have come from the energy which propelled the alpha particle at the lithium atom...
...addition, Dr. Carl David Anderson bounced positrons off atom nuclei. Neither nuclei nor positrons seemed affected. But from their collisions appeared fresh electrons, which could have come only by synthesis of the energy which projected the positrons...
Professor Bohr, who has invented a very useful description of the atom, first pointed to Professor Einstein's relativity laws which say that we can never measure absolute time. Next he referred to Professor Werner Heisenberg's proof that we cannot measure at the same instant both the speed and the position of an electron, that the more exactly we determine the speed of electrons in an atom the less certain we can be of the position of the electrons in an atom. Thus, we can never say precisely what is Cause or what is Effect. The Heisenberg...
Relativity and uncertainty are absolute facts, reasoned Theorist Bohr in effect. Through them mathematicians are able to describe the tremendous, strange activities within an atom. But only one kind of activity at a time. For, the essential nature of atomic (or quantum) mechanics is duality. You can determine where an electron is or how fast it is moving, but not both facts simultaneously...
From the kinetic energy of the alpha particle which hit the lithium atom, argued Dr. Bainbridge. Where others only surmised, the Curie-Joliots actually saw energy turning into matter, saw E equalling...