Word: austrian
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...book of such tantalizing perplexity and controversy that it stays on the required-reading list for centuries to come. Which would you choose? Many philosophers will reluctantly admit that they would go for option b). If they had to choose, they would rather be read than right. The Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein tried brilliantly to go for a) and ended up with...
...Mahler were frequent visitors to the palatial family home, and Ludwig's brother Paul, a concert pianist who lost an arm in World War I, commissioned works for the left hand by Richard Strauss, Ravel and Prokofiev. It was during the war that Ludwig, a volunteer in the Austrian artillery, completed the Tractatus shortly before he was captured and taken prisoner. Always an ascetic, he gave away his inheritance, relying on the generosity of his Cambridge champions, Russell and John Maynard Keynes, to secure academic employment for him, living frugally and in later life being cared for by his disciples...
Even by his field's indulgent standards, Reich was surely one for the casebooks. Brilliant and charismatic, the Austrian-born psychoanalyst was an early disciple of Freud and produced a shrewd addition to analytic theory: a patient's character, he said, was revealed as much by body language--"muscular armoring," he called it--as by couch talk. Before long Reich split with Freud and went off on his own wobbly path. After dabbling with Marxism, he began theorizing about a universal life-giving "orgone energy"--which, he said, was expressed through neurosis-free orgasms. He fled...
...Austrian physician Karl Landsteiner shows that there are at least three types of human blood, which he labels A, B and O. These distinctions make blood transfusions possible. Landsteiner will also discover the Rh factor...
...Austrian-American physicist Victor Hess detects radiation coming from outer space; it is later dubbed cosmic rays...