Word: authoritarianism
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Despite some opposition to his authoritarian regime, Chiang remains personally popular, even among the 80% of the country's population that is Taiwanese. Indeed, the social stability resulting from martial law may have contributed to the country's impressive economic performance. An island of farmers with no major exports in 1949, Taiwan is now the world's 15th largest trading nation, manufacturing industrial products ranging from microchips to machine tools...
...death forced a halt in negotiations over constitutional reforms, as both Kim Young Sam and Kim Dae Jung, the other primary opposition leader, observed a four-day period of mourning. But the government continued to relax its authoritarian grip on South Korean life. Chun granted formal amnesty to 2,335 South Koreans, including Kim Dae Jung, who had been banned from politics. Another group of 357 people jailed for politically related offenses was released; among them was the Rev. Moon Ik Kwan, one of the country's most prominent dissidents before he was found guilty of sedition following student protests...
...African nations are under military rule. Countries ranging from Guinea in West Africa to Somalia in the east have gone so far as to declare dissent a treasonable crime that can be punished by death. Notes British Historian Lord Blake: "The political tradition in many parts of Africa is authoritarian, and that's what has taken over...
...scene was rich in symbolism: instruments of authoritarian control put to the torch, while their former wielders cowered in fear. Was it, spectators may have wondered, a preview of South Korea's future? Throughout the country last week, students erupted in a frenzy of defiant marches and demonstrations to protest the six-year rule of President Chun Doo Hwan. Night after night they battled with tens of thousands of police, militia and plainclothes officers, who sought to break up the crowds with judo punches, shields and the virulent pepper gas, whose acrid fumes lingered for hours over the scenes...
...reforms would cease until after the Olympic Games. By that time, conveniently for the government, the new President scheduled to take office next February will have been long since installed, with a mandate to serve until 1995. "Chun mistakenly defined democracy as the transfer of power from one authoritarian military man to another," says a South Korean academic...