Word: authoritarianism
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...DIED. CARDINAL JAIME SIN, 76, powerful Philippine Roman Catholic leader and political figure; in Manila. Named Archbishop of Manila in 1973, a year after former Philippine strongman Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law, Cardinal Sin became an outspoken critic of the authoritarian government. His influence over the Philippines' devoutly Catholic population helped spark the People Power protests that toppled two presidents?Marcos in 1986 and Joseph Estrada in 2001. "Politics without Christ is the greatest scourge of our nation," Cardinal Sin said at his 2003 retirement ceremony...
Economic reform has been slow in both Spain and Portugal since the two countries ended authoritarian regimes and established democratic governments in the 1970s. The Spanish government has encouraged the shrinking of old-line industries, including steel and shipbuilding, as a way of shifting resources to businesses with brighter futures. But in the process, unemployment has risen to about 20%, from 5.3% in 1977. in Portugal, political instability, which has resulted in 16 governments in the past twelve years, has held back economic progress. The country's per capita annual income is $1,900, less than a third...
When Ronald Reagan approvingly cited former U.N. Ambassador Jeane Kirkpatrick's argument that "authoritarian" right-wing regimes were not as insidious as "totalitarian" Communist ones, many observers assumed that he was making the distinction a central tenet of his foreign policy. Authoritarian governments, however repressive, could be tolerated as long as they supported U.S. interests; besides, by their nature they were more susceptible to change than totalitarian governments, as Haiti and the Philippines were to prove. But last week the Administration sought to clarify its views on dictatorships and in the process seemed to depart, albeit slightly, from the Kirkpatrick...
...declaring her government revolutionary, she would free herself from Marcos' 1973 constitution. She could then dissolve the National Assembly and dismiss local officials loyal to the former President. The downside of the action is that it would leave Aquino open to charges that her government was nearly as authoritarian as the regime it replaced. Justice Minister Neptali Gonzales, who heads the committee studying the matter, is expected to recommend a course of action this week. He is known to favor the revolutionary route...
...their country. Ambassador Fu Ying offers the idea that Chen is an opportunist who has chosen to remain in Australia for lifestyle reasons. It's more plausible, however, to see Chen as someone taking an enormous personal risk, acting out of conscience and rejecting life and work under an authoritarian state. Whatever his motives, Chen has given one regime a slap in the face, while presenting the other with a highly visible test of its values, humanity and independence. You can bet the political pragmatists are working overtime in Canberra and Beijing to flatten out this bump in the road...