Word: authoritarians
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...identifying the poor, we must take note, for example, of the deprivation of citizens of authoritarian regimes, from Sudan to North Korea, who are denied political liberty and civil rights. And we must try to understand the predicament of subjugated homemakers in male-dominated societies, common in Asia and Africa, who lead a life of unquestioning docility; of the illiterate children who are offered no opportunity of schooling; of minority groups who have to keep their voices muffled for fear of the tyranny of the majority; and of dissidents who are imprisoned and sometimes tortured by the guardians...
...ignore the linkages between economic, political and social deprivations. Advocates of authoritarianism ask a misleading question, "Is political freedom conducive to development?," overlooking the fact that political freedom itself is part of development. In answer to the wrongly asked question, they respond with a wrongly given answer: "Growth rates of GDP are higher in nondemocratic countries than in democratic ones." There is no confirmation of this oft-repeated belief in extensive empirical studies. Sure, South Korea might have grown fast enough before the re-establishment of democracy, but not so the less democratic North Korea. And democratic Botswana certainly grew...
...economic issue of importance. Reducing political deprivation can indeed help diminish economic vulnerability. There is, for example, considerable evidence that democracy as well as political and civil rights can help generate economic security, by giving voice to the deprived and the vulnerable. The fact that famines occur only under authoritarian rule and military dominance, and that no major famine has ever occurred in an open, democratic country (even when the country is very poor), merely illustrates the most elementary aspect of the protective power of political liberty. Though Indian democracy has many imperfections, the political incentives generated by it have...
...India in several respects, such as the spread of basic education and health care, had the largest famine in recorded history in 1959-62, with a death toll that has been estimated at 30 million. Right now, the three countries with continuing famines are also in the grip of authoritarian and military rule: North Korea, Ethiopia and Sudan...
...eliminating much of his country's cocaine production, smashing the leftist guerrilla insurgencies of the Shining Path and the Tupac Amaru movements, and reining in hyperinflation. "Despite its previous support of Fujimori, the U.S. has become concerned that he has, over the past year, resorted to increasingly populist and authoritarian measures to ensure that he stays in power, including rewriting the constitution to allow himself a third term in office," says McGirk. "So a lot of the goodwill he earned over eight years has drained away, both in Washington and among Peruvians themselves." Indeed, there is very little difference between...