Word: auto
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...more U.S. workers have shifted from an hourly wage to an annual salary basis, but the change was established as a contract right for relatively few workers. Before the U.A.W. was born in 1936, seasonal layoffs were recognized as an especially sore spot in the labor situation of the auto industry. The C.I.O.'s late President Phil Murray got nowhere in 1944 when he bid for the guaranteed annual wage. But Reuther (who succeeded Murray as C.I.O. president) and his tough, 1,523,000-man United Auto Workers made the most determined attempt in the history of U.S. labor...
Three-Year Preparation. In 1950, the year he won his last great gains in five-year contracts with the auto industry's Big Three (General Motors, Ford and Chrysler), Reuther was already working to win the guaranteed annual wage in the new contract this year. His economists and researchers worked over the figures for three years before agreeing that the guaranteed annual wage (G.A.W.) was practical: "Industry can afford it." His busy educational division churned out pamphlets, posters and propaganda. Auto workers were warned repeatedly that growing automation would cause increasing layoffs unless the workers were protected by G.A.W...
...looked like a bad day for the big spin in "The Brickyard." Grey rain clouds scudded over Indianapolis; damp winds skittered across the infield as the Memorial Day 500-mile auto race got under way. But Wild Bill Vukovich, 36, the "Grape Picker" from Fresno, Calif., had no time to worry about weather. He kept his eyes on the track. A two-time winner in the 500, "Vuky" was hell-bent on pulling off an unprecedented three...
...cool, skillful technician, completely devoid of Latin temperament, utterly dependent upon his knowledge of engines and his exquisite reflexes, Alberto ("Ciccio")* Ascari finally hit his stride in the auto-racing heyday after World War II. He traveled everywhere-Spain, England, Argentina-and everywhere other drivers ate his dust. He worked up a fine feud with Argentina's Champion Juan Manuel Fangio. In Brazil one day in 1949, he swung too wide on a turn, hit a roadside rock, turned turtle and wound up with a broken collarbone, three broken ribs and three fewer teeth than he started with...
...place of G.A.W., the Ford company made three new proposals designed to increase the security of workers: 1) a stock purchase plan, 2) an "income stabilization plan," and 3) severance pay. Both the stock and severance-pay plans were completely new to the auto industry. In the stock and savings plan, a worker could invest up to 10% of his salary. Half of this would be used to buy Government bonds for the employee; the other half would be used to purchase stock in the Ford company when it is issued-probably later this year. For every employee...