Word: azhar
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Died. Sheik Mohamed Mamoun El Shinawi, 74, rector of Cairo's thousand-year-old El Azhar ("The Resplendent") University, fountainhead of Islamic orthodoxy; in Ismailia, Egypt...
...Council of Ulema (sages) of Cairo's Al-Azhar University, which forms the spiritual leadership of present-day Islam, formally proclaimed the Jihad (holy war). "Know that Jihad has now become the duty for everyone which he should fulfill either through his own person or through his money," said the Ulema. "Anybody failing to fulfill such duty will be punished by Allah. Allah promised to give Paradise to Moslems who [participate]. . . . Let the echo of your voice carry from East to West the lovely word which is dear to the faithful-Jihad, Jihad, Jihad-and Allah be with...
...student at Al Azhar buys himself a high, tight academic turban, sharpens his reed quills, tucks his inkhorn into his belt, takes off his slippers, and enters Al Azhar mosque. There he joins one of the attentive circles of cross-legged students gathered at the feet of a sheikh (elder, i.e., teacher), who leans against a pillar and expounds Islamic faith and Arabic letters...
Down with Shaw. Since 1930, a modern system of classrooms and laboratories has been introduced side by side with the old carpet seminars. In new buildings next to the mosque, three faculties of Theology, Law and Letters teach students of the "new" Azhar. Many of these professors are laymen, educated in European universities. After eight years, a new-Azhar student gets his Alimieh (doctorate); in the old Azhar, many students spend their whole lives in learning...
...challenge of the athletic, tweedy, young Oxford-trained dons of Fuad el Awal and Farouk el Awal universities has only intensified the religious fanaticism of Al Azhar's bearded sheikhs. Each year the Senatus combs the secular universities in search of heresy. When blind Philosopher Taha Hussein Bey, dean of Fuad el Awal and leading man in Arab letters, dared to teach Shaw's Saint Joan, he was assailed by Al Azhar's Senatus. (In the play, a character denounces Mohamed and his "dupes.") Rioting Al Azharites forced Taha Hussein to resign, the fuss broke...