Word: backdowns
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...minor matter," the Reds' third backdown at Kaesong (TIME, Aug. 6), was significant because it showed 1) the West that the Communists still want to discuss a ceasefire; 2) the Communists that the U.N. does not want an armistice badly enough to stand for any pushing around. This week, instead of ordering resumption of the Kaesong talks, Ridgway summoned his negotiators to Tokyo. Possible reason: to discuss a change of site for the truce conference...
...third week of truce talks at Kaesong started in deadlock. The Communists had demanded, and the U.N. flatly refused, to add the withdrawal of foreign troops from Korea to the agenda of the cease-fire talks. After a three-day recess, the Communists backed down again (their first backdown: when they agreed to neutralize Kaesong), settled for a face-saving formula allowing them to reopen the foreign troops issue later...
...some observers took the Red peace feelers, together with the Soviet backdown at Berlin, as a symptom of a general Red retrenchment in Europe, supposedly designed to free the Reds for allout action in Asia. Porphyrogenis himself seemed to support this view. "The atmosphere of appeasement," he said, "that has developed in recent weeks on the European scene makes peace [in Greece] seem possible...
When U.S. editorialists fell all over themselves celebrating "the Russian backdown," there was a chance that the U.S. public might be misled into thinking that the Iranian issue had been settled once & tor all. In sober fact, Russia had probably never intended an indefinite military occupation of northern Iran. What she had always wanted was 1) a Government in Teheran amenable to Russian demands, and 2) access to Iranian oil. In the Russo-Iranian treaty Gavam had indicated a high decree of amenability...
...French Backdown. At week's end the French yielded to pressure. Delegate General Jean Helleu (who had arrested the Lebanese officials) was invited to return to Algiers "for consultation"-i.e., to become the goat. President Khoury was ordered released and reinstated. Ardent nationalist Premier Solh was freed, but nothing was said about reinstating him. Negotiations were to be opened at once to restore "constitutional life in Lebanon." After that, broader negotiations would be held in Damascus for the "harmonizing of the French Mandate with the regime of independence promised by France to the States of the Levant [Syria...