Word: bacteria
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...bacteriologist, Dr. Arrhenius knew that there were three temperature types of bacteria, those living at low temperatures, the psychrophilic; those living at the temperatures of the human body giving us so much trouble, the mesophilic; those living at high temperatures near geysers, volcanoes etc., the thermophilic...
...geologist, he knew that the earliest evidences of life on the earth were fossil bacteria living in a torrid climate. But climates change in geologic time and heat loving bacteria die. The quota of bacteria must be periodically filled to keep the population thriving...
...astronomer, Dr. Arrhenius took up the problem, calculated the average temperature on Venus, found it to be the temperature these bacteria like best. Other conditions being suitable this must be their Fatherland. But how did they come to earth...
...hurtled through the nickel foil, speeding about 150,000 miles a second (four-fifths the speed of light). As beta and gamma rays, similar to the offshoots from radium, they turned acetylene gas into a yellow powder such as scientists never before had seen. They made minerals fluoresce, killed bacteria and insects, burned a rabbit's ears (TIME...
...Johnson of Yale cited sulphur-dwelling bacilli as an example of the sort of artificial life chemists might hope to produce first. These bacilli thrive and multiply in a solution of sulphuric acid, needing no sunlight, prime requisite of most other plants. Self-sufficient in an inorganic environment, these bacteria may have been the link between the mineral and vegetable kingdoms...