Word: bacteria
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...guinea pig immediately nibbled a piece of spinach, apparently none the worse for refrigeration. Dr. Wiliard, 32, a swarthy, Russian-born chemist, next proposed to freeze & revive a dog, then a monkey, then an ape, then perhaps a human. His ultimate purpose: "To use freezing to kill bacteria of certain diseases while retaining suspended life in the tissues...
...largely by the most gigantic campaign of bamboozlement that ever fooled a nation. Many a U. S. patriot still believes that the U. S. patriotic rabies of 1917 was self-induced. Readers of Road to War will learn how badly mistaken they were. Analyst Millis isolates the infecting bacteria: British diplomacy, Allied propaganda, U. S. gullibility...
...germ, Pityrosporum ovalis, had long been suspected in dandruff. But no bacteriologist before Drs. Moore & Kile had been able to cultivate it for more than two or three generations. Trouble was that in the beginning most bacteriologists thought that Pityrosporum ovalis could be cultured like diphtheria or scarlet fever bacteria. Actually the germ of dandruff is a fungus like yeast and needs special soil for growth. Drs. Moore & Kile raised it on wort agar...
...Harold Clayton Urey in 1931. Long before Dr. Urey was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery (TIME, Nov. 26), experimenters were finding that heavy water did strange things to small animals and plants. It killed guppies, tadpoles, flatworms, prevented tobacco seeds from sprouting, dimmed the light of luminous bacteria, made mice appear tipsy and terribly thirsty. Then Professor Ingo Waldemar Dagobert Hackh of San Francisco's College of Physicians & Surgeons guessed that a slow, steady increase in the amount of heavy water in the human body might be a cause of old age and senile death...
...found in the sap and wood of willow trees, in the Dead Sea, in Great Salt Lake. European experimenters dissolved sugar crystals in heavy water, recrystallized them by evaporation, found that the sugar molecules had discarded some ordinary hydrogen atoms, taken on deuterium atoms in their stead. When luminous bacteria of the kind that produce phosphorescence in the sea were placed in heavy water at Princeton, their output of light was dimmed because their oxygen consumption was slowed. Pathologists at Manhattan's Memorial Hospital hoped heavy water might prove fatal to cancer cells, were disappointed to find the cells...