Word: bacterias
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...invading virus. Eventually the cell bursts, releasing a host of new viruses. Some strains of invading viruses, however, incorporate several of the cell's genes into their own DNA molecule before they depart. There are two different viruses, the Harvard researchers knew, that invade an intestinal bacteria called E.coli and make off with several of its genes. But the two viruses capture only one bacterial gene in common: the one that enables E.coli to digest lactose, a sugar. Furthermore, the direction in which this so-called lac gene is inserted into the DNA molecule of one virus is opposite...
Stray Tails. Therein lies the key to the elegant experiment reported last week in Nature. Once the two strains of virus had finished raiding the bacteria, the experimenters dissolved their protein sheaths, exposing their raw DNA molecules (Step 1 in diagram). Next, the scientists heated the dissimilar DNA molecules, causing each double helix to unwind and separate into one lighter and one heavier strand. Taking only the heavier strand from each virus, the researchers placed them in the same test tube, reheated them and then cooled them slowly, a process that causes two chemically complementary strands of DNA to combine...
...treating the DNA with a special enzyme that dissolves single-stranded DNA but does not effect double strands, the three researchers were able to separate the bacteria's lactose gene from the virus...
...researchers isolated one of the 3000 genes that control a common bacteria called Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). Large numbers of this bacteria live in the intestines of humans and other animals and aid in digestion...
...Genetic information is contained in the long strands of a molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The three Med School researchers isolated a small section of E. Coli DNA that controls the bacteria's ability to use a sugar called lactose...