Word: baghdad
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...supposedly irreconcilable, Lebanon quietly held a peaceful parliamentary election of a new President (see FOREIGN NEWS), and the U.S. promised to pull its troops out of Lebanon if the government so requested. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles began the week in London at a conference of remaining Baghdad Pact members, and after two phone calls to the President, committed the U.S. to "full partnership" to help Britain, Pakistan, Turkey and Iran "maintain collective security to resist aggression direct and indirect." At midweek Dulles was back in Washington to define U.S. summit conference aims at his press conference (see below...
Although John Foster Dulles was the prime mover in planning the Middle East's "Northern Tier" grouping of anti-Communist states back in 1953, the U.S. has never joined the Baghdad Pact. When Turkey's Premier Adnan Menderes last year asked why, President Eisenhower reportedly replied that if the U.S. had moved to join, Israel would have asked similar guarantees and the U.S. would have had to refuse them, thus provoking pro-Israeli pressures in the U.S. and blocking Senate ratification of the treaty. At last week's meeting of Baghdad powers in London, Secretary Dulles announced...
...Baghdad Pact is no longer what it was now that its only Arab affiliate, Iraq, will probably soon opt out. In some ways the Northern Tier alliance is tidier. Even Israel should be less troubled by an agreement that will no longer deliver arms to an Arab nation sworn to wipe out Israel. (Shortly before the coup, the U.S. delivered five jets to Iraq.) But the remaining members of the pact-Britain, Turkey, Iran and Pakistan-were shaken by Iraq's defection, and the Moslem nations in particular demanded dramatic proof of U.S. support...
That evening, tacked on as a fourth paragraph, Dulles' penciled promise to back the "security and defense" of all cosigners transformed the London session's communiqué into a "declaration." The declaration, explained Dulles, makes the U.S. a "full partner" with surviving Baghdad Pact members, and could supersede the Baghdad Pact, should Iraq drop...
Rebels by Phone. British Newsmen Richard Beeston of the London News Chronicle and John Mossman of the London Daily Herald hung their cab with pictures of Nasser to disarm Iraqi border guards, drove through 130° heat from Damascus to Baghdad. (From the Herald's foreign desk to Mossman came the wry plea: "For God's sake, put up the meter flag!") TIME-LIFE'S Correspondent Robert Morse and Photographer Larry Burrows made it along the same route, found Baghdad street peddlers doing a brisk trade hawking pictures of the mutilated bodies of Premier Nuri asSaid...