Word: baghdad
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...snow-covered slopes. The heaviest fighting yet in a rebellion that has dragged on for nearly two decades was startling but expectable. Iraq was finally able to move against the Kurds after patching up relations with Iran, which for years had provided the Kurds with the means to withstand Baghdad's most determined attempts to dislodge them...
...favor-long-disputed land and water boundaries, notably along the river known as the Shatt al-Arab. The two countries also agreed that they would no longer help "provocative elements," a scarcely disguised reference to the Kurdish dissidents who, with Iran's backing, have fought the Baghdad government for 17 years...
...Kurds, an estimated 100,000 of whom are fighting under longtime Leader Mulla Mustafa Barzani, 76, are a non-Arab Moslem nation of mountain people whose ancient homeland covers parts of Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Syria and the Soviet Union. Iran has successfully integrated 650,000 of its own Kurds. Baghdad has promised the Kurds autonomy and proportionate representation in Iraq's Arab, socialist government. But Barzani has held out for independence, and since 1958, his forces have been sniping at the Iraqi army from mountain redoubts near the Iranian border...
...million a year to care for 100,000 Kurdish refugees from Iraq. With that aid cut off-even Tehran newspapers last week eliminated all mention of the Kurds-the situation looked desperate for the Kurds. They were attacked by waves of Soviet-supplied Tupolev bombers and T-62 tanks; Baghdad jubilantly reported hundreds of rebels killed. Kurdish spokesmen insisted that Barzani's forces had shot down two Iraqi jets, destroyed six tanks and had killed 300 Iraqi soldiers...
...bitter rivalries between the neighboring states and sheikdoms. Aryan Iran, even though it is a Moslem country, has never been fully trusted by its Semitic Arab neighbors. Experts do not rule out a future conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia. Tehran's support of the Kurdish rebellion against Baghdad, as well as longstanding frontier disputes, has already led to skirmishing on the Iran-Iraq border. New Delhi, meanwhile, grows progressively more uncomfortable as it watches Iran's military muscle edge toward the Indian Ocean, fearing that Tehran one day will ally itself with Pakistan, a fellow Moslem state, against India...