Word: baileys
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Finger & Knife. Philadelphia's Bailey was impatient to touch down. He had strong personal reasons: as a boy of twelve, he had seen his father, a broker, die at 42 of a lung hemorrhage, the direct result of heart disease. After what Bailey considers less than average preparation for such a post (New Jersey's Rutgers University, Philadelphia's Hahnemann Medical College, a year's internship, four years of general practice in Lakewood, N.J., two years of intensive lung surgery), he was placed in charge of chest surgery at Hahnemann in 1940. He is now professor...
After working on dogs for five years, duplicating earlier abortive mitral-valve operations, Bailey thought he knew what had been wrong with them-faulty approach and damaging the leaflets of the valves. He worked out his own approach, first put his finger inside a human heart to open a scarred mitral valve in June 1945. Through an accident (no fault of Bailey's) the patient bled to death. Misfortune beset him in three other cases. Not until June 10, 1948 did he have a "good risk" patient at Philadelphia's Episcopal Hospital. Mrs. Melville Ward, 24, of East...
...Doughnut Method. The operation (which, with variations, had been duplicated almost simultaneously in Boston and in Britain) "suddenly became too popular and was being done in practically every country hospital," says Bailey. In 1953 Detroit Surgeon Forest Dewey Dodrill convinced Bailey that his operation was still not good enough, and Bailey worked out improvements that are now widely used...
...Bailey made another contribution (January 1952) with an operation to close a hole in the wall between the auricles. The right auricle is bigger than it needs to be and is soft and pliable. So Bailey pressed the outer wall down over the septum, covering the hole in it, and joined the two together with a circular line of stitches. This made the right auricle into a doughnut-shaped chamber, with excellent results for the patient. Says Bailey with professional pride: "Technically, this is the best accomplishment I have to my credit, because it's so nearly perfect...
...problem was that, at normal body temperature, the brain suffers irreparable damage if deprived of blood for more than about four minutes. But if the body's temperature is lowered, its tissues need less blood, and the brain can survive without damage for twice the normal time. Bailey wondered whether by chilling the patient (hypothermia) he could reduce the body's blood requirement to a level where some sort of pump could handle it. Then the bold idea struck him: Why not try hypothermia alone if he needed only six or eight minutes inside the heart...