Word: baileys
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Back in the operating room, Bailey removed Fae's defective heart and replaced it with the heart from the baboon. Because baboons have only two major arteries leaving the aortic arch, as opposed to the three in humans (see diagram), two of the baby's vessels were first joined together before being connected to one of the two arterial openings in the baboon's aorta. When the delicate plumbing job was completed, doctors slowly raised the infant's temperature and weaned her from the heart-lung machine. At 11:35 a.m. on Oct. 26, four hours and five minutes after...
...general, the obstacle to using animal organs is that the human body quickly rejects foreign tissue. What gave Leonard Bailey hope of better results was the advent of the wonder-drug cyclosporine. Developed by Sandoz Ltd. in Switzerland, cyclosporine inhibits organ rejection by partly suppressing the immune system. It is considered safer than earlier drugs used for this purpose because it is less likely to destroy the body's ability to fight infection. Since its first use in the U.S. in 1979 it has revolutionized transplant surgery, raising the one-year survival rate of heart recipients from...
...even as Baby Fae seemed to be demonstrating Bailey's point, critics charged that xenografts are still too uncertain and that other treatments should have been considered. Dr. Moneim Fadali, a cardiovascular surgeon at the University of California, Los Angeles, was one of several physicians to suggest that the decision to use an animal organ may have been "a matter of bravado" and that a human heart "would have offered the child a better chance of survival." Loma Linda Surgeon David Hinshaw explained that he and his colleagues believed that the hope of finding a compatible human heart in time...
...week wore on and the questions continued, Bailey retreated into silence, and other doctors were delegated to meet the press. "He is totally absorbed in nursing this child," explained Surgeon Hinshaw. "He is not a publicity seeker, and he is very sensitive about this." The pressure on Bailey and his colleagues drew understanding from another surgeon who knows what it is like to have microphones continually thrust at his face. "I really have sympathy with what they're going through," said Dr. William DeVries, who had been Barney Clark's surgeon...
...part, Bailey found it hard to understand why people would question a procedure that was saving the life of a dying infant. "If you had the opportunity to see this baby and her mother together, and see this baby in the best shape she's ever been, you would see the propriety of what we are doing," he said...