Word: baluchi
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...million Kurds, who revolted unsuccessfully against Tehran's rule last summer, had boycotted the referendum too. Late last week Khomeini's revolutionary guards that were supposed to pull out of Kurdistan stayed on. The Ayatullah also faces potential trouble among Iran's other minorities, particularly the Baluchi tribesmen in the southeast, Turkomans in the northeast and the Arabs in the southwest...
...have one main highway, but it merely connects the four main cities like a huge beltway. The country is bisected by the towering Hindu Kush Mountains, and there are few feeder roads. One result: there are still only loose connections between the dominant Pathans and the Uzbek, Hazara, Turkoman, Baluchi and nomadic tribes that make Afghanistan, as James A. Michener once described it, "one of the world's great cauldrons...
Southward near Kandahar, young teachers arrived in one district to preach Marxism. Again some were killed, and again the army went in, this time driving villagers into the frigid mountains. Neighboring Baluchi tribesmen, like the Pathans, have fled across the Pakistani border and are allied with separatist movements there. Some Western analysts have suggested that the Soviets may now want to take advantage of these movements to spearhead trouble in Pakistan and also in Iran, where some Baluchis have settled. For the moment, however, the Taraki regime's ineptitude in dealing with the tribesmen seems to have checked...
Bhutto's actions threatened to destroy a fragile peace worked out last year with the opposition National Awami Party, which is the dominant political force in Baluchistan and the North-West Frontier province. Baluchi and Pathan tribesmen in the two provinces have long been agitating for greater autonomy and a larger share of the economic pie. Although the National Awami Party has never advocated independence from Pakistan, various other political groups in the provinces do. Recently a group called "Azad [Free] Baluchistan" has sought to unite Pakistani Baluchis with fellow tribesmen in Iran to form a new nation. Though...