Word: banaji
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Fifteen-year-old Mahzarin R. Banaji says she dreamed of living the adventurous life of a secretary upon graduating from high school because she believed that further academic pursuit was useless and was thirsting for an independent life away from her home in Secunderabad, India...
...election draws near, undecided voters are increasingly under pressure to select their choice—or have they already made up their minds? In many cases, the answer is yes, according to data collected by Harvard psychology professor Mahzarin R. Banaji, in conjunction with professor Brian Nosek of the University of Virginia and professor Tony Greenwald of the University of Washington. The three scientists are collaborating on “Project Implicit,” a research Web site which allows visitors to complete various tests in order to gauge their subconscious associations. The tests cover a wide variety...
...1990s, psychologist and social scientist Mahzarin Banaji of Harvard University co-created what's known as the implicit-association test (IAT), a way of exploring the instant connections the brain draws between races and traits. Previously administered only in the lab but now available online (at implicit.harvard.edu) the IAT asks people to pair pictures of white or black faces with positive words like joy, love, peace and happy or negative ones like agony, evil, hurt and failure. Speed is everything, since the survey tests automatic associations. When respondents are told to link the desirable traits to whites and the undesirable...
...When Banaji, along with cognitive neuroscientist Liz Phelps of New York University, conducted brain scans of subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging, they uncovered the reasons for the results. White subjects respond with greater activation of the amygdala--a region that processes alarm--when shown images of black faces than when shown images of white faces. "One of the amygdala's critical functions is fear-conditioning," says Phelps. "You attend to things that are scary because that's essential for survival." Later studies have shown similar results when black subjects look at white faces...
...unlike most species, Banaji said, human intelligence allows for an ability to correct for those biases...