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Before 1970, banks were content to make loans to consumers and business which remained on their books, collecting interest until the principal on the loan was satisfied. This approach made for a relatively illiquid market for the buying and selling of loans. Accordingly, this system insured that lenders were unable...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Why the People Who Broke the Financial System Will Profit | 3/25/2009 | See Source »

Asset backed securities ("ABS") gave banks the opportunity to bundle loans into a pool that could then be sold to other banks. The bank purchasing the loans would then hold them as an investment or resell them in the secondary market. This market improved the ability of banks to lend...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Why the People Who Broke the Financial System Will Profit | 3/25/2009 | See Source »

The purpose of Emergency Economic Stabilization Act, known as the bailout plan, was to restore stability and liquidity to the U.S. financial system. The TARP, one of the Act's driving initiatives, was intended to be a mechanism for financial institutions to offload toxic assets, in general, heavily leveraged ABS...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Why the People Who Broke the Financial System Will Profit | 3/25/2009 | See Source »

As a result of declining home prices, if a borrower defaults on their mortgage, market prices for the home would be less than the balance on the mortgage. However, since MBS derive their value from a pool of loans - typically thousands of individual mortgages - the default of some portion of...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Why the People Who Broke the Financial System Will Profit | 3/25/2009 | See Source »

Finally, the seemingly unprecedented drop in prices together with increased default rates made it nearly impossible to assign value to MBS. As a consequence, MBS that had some intrinsic value were illiquid, and banks were forced to keep the toxic assets on their balance sheets.

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Why the People Who Broke the Financial System Will Profit | 3/25/2009 | See Source »

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