Word: barcelona
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...quantity, particularly red wines and brisk, clean sparkling wines that sell for a fraction of the price of French champagne. One of the first to attract American attention was Codorniu; the 1981 Brut Classico sells for $4.99. An outstanding example is Paul Cheneau Blanc de Blancs Brut, from Barcelona, which now costs only...
...advanced degree in psychology in London, Orwell went to Spain. The attempt by Generalissimo Francisco Franco to topple an elected left-wing government had led to civil war. Orwell could not pass up the chance to see "democracy standing up to Fascism at last." He arrived in Barcelona at the end of 1936 and found a city being run by the underdogs: "It was the first time that I had ever been in a town where the working class was in the saddle...
...troops fired at him, as expected; they were the enemy. But while recuperating from a bullet wound in the throat, Orwell learned that Communists in the Spanish government had outlawed the loose alliance of radicals he had joined in the struggle against Franco. The independent workers' stronghold in Barcelona was not, apparently, what Madrid or Moscow had in mind. Suddenly Orwell and his colleagues-at-arms were being called fascists, Franco's hired killers, by the Communist papers in Spain and Europe. Purges and reprisals began in Barcelona. Released from the hospital, Orwell was forced into hiding...
...political writing he did after escaping the civil war was sharpened by his keen sense of betrayal. He had seen the future, and it worked far too well; the world was being staked out by mirror-image tyrannies equally ruthless in stamping out the individual. The workers in Barcelona had been punished by the Communists for the crime of being unorthodox; they became, until suppressed, a more important enemy than Franco...
This slight fable, scarcely longer than a short story, was Orwell's favorite among his works; it led directly back to his first, heady days in Barcelona. The abused, overworked animals rebel against the rule of the exploiting farmer, Mr. Jones; but the workers' paradise is soon commandeered and betrayed by a pig who bears more than a fleeting resemblance to Joseph Stalin. His credo: "All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others." Animal Farm was rejected by more than a dozen publishers in England and the U.S. The clear anti-Soviet parody bothered...