Word: barcelona
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...enforced togetherness of Franco Spain. Against Catalan pride, Premier Franco has banned the use of Catalan dialect in newspapers, suppressed Catalan courses in schools. The failure of his efforts was dramatized last week in a threat to the very existence of the biggest and best newspaper in Spain, Barcelona's La Vanguardia Espa...
...Vanguardia's strange trouble began one Sunday last June during 10 o'clock Mass at Barcelona's San Ildefonso Church. Enraged that the sermon was being delivered in Catalan instead of Castilian, a plump, balding little man protested to a curate, left his card, and stormed out of the church shouting: "Catalan-lleno de mierda! The name on the card was that of Luis de Galinsoga, a Galician who has been La Vanguardia's Franco-appointed publisher since...
Because government censorship kept the case out of the press, news of Galinsoga's insult traveled only by word of mouth. As it did, Catalan pride began popping. Thousands of copies of La Vanguardia were torn to shreds and scattered over Barcelona's streets. Signs appeared on walls, proclaiming (in Catalan): "Down with Galinsoga." As of last week, La Vanguardia's circulation had plummeted 30,000 to 120,000; advertising losses had forced the paper to cut back from an average of 55 to 28 pages a day. Driven to desperation, Publisher Galinsoga backed down, denied that...
...stoutly independent Catalan people of his native province, the 44-year-old Sabater was a legend. A tough young leader in the anarchist movement, he fought in the Spanish Civil War with the Republican army until Barcelona fell and Franco subdued Catalonia. With other anarchist leaders, he escaped to France, set up a "school of terrorism" in Toulouse to harass Franco. Sabater's specialty was training young recruits in bombmaking and commando tactics, then leading them on raids back into Spain...
...homes of the well-to-do by night, banks by day, and always managed to shoot his way out of trouble, killing seven policemen in the process. At times, flashes of the old fervor would recur: in 1949 he planted bombs in the Brazilian, Peruvian and Bolivian consulates in Barcelona, because their governments supported Franco in a U.N. debate. So astonishing were his exploits that Barcelonians finally concluded that Sabater was a myth, a scapegoat invented by the police for all their unsolved crimes...