Word: barium
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Otto Hahn, 60, of Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, and his coworker, F. Strassmann, had bombarded uranium with neutrons. In the products of bombardment they found something which seemed to be atoms of barium. This barium was the clue to something terrific. For the huge uranium atom, heaviest of the 92 standard elements, weighs 238 units.* The barium atom weighs 137 units. Since the barium could have originated only as a fragment of the big uranium atom, it was logical to suppose that the latter had cracked asunder, in two nearly equal parts. The release of atomic energy...
...physicist) and R. Frisch of Copenhagen, who presented a fine interpretation of what happened when the uranium atom cracked. Some credit also went to Nobel Laureate Irene Curie-Joliot (daughter of Marie Curie) and P. Savitch of Paris, who had done work which helped Hahn identify the all-important barium in his bombardment products...
...Hahn bombarded his bit of uranium with neutrons in order to obtain ekarhenium, a heavy element similarly created some years ago by Italian Physicist Enrico Fermi. Hahn obtained ekarhenium, all right, and something else he did not expect, which he identified as atoms of barium and krypton. He applied the principles of quantum mechanics (atomic mathematics) to find out how much of a tempest in a test tube occurs when ekarhenium breaks up into barium and krypton. Answer: 200,000,000 volts...
...tiny high pressure laboratory, Professor Bridgman has produced forms of bismuth, gallium, calcium, strontium, barium, and cesium which have never been seen before. As in the case of red and yellow forms of sulfur that are seen under ordinary pressures, he has made forms of these elements that differ from their usual forms in appearance and in physical properties...
...gives his patient a sip of barium sulphate in thick cream and a moment later has him rub his belly. This kneads the stomach and spreads the barium cream evenly into all the wrinkles, leaving their ridges bare and transparent to x-rays. The roentgenogram appears striped. Every deflected stripe indicates potentially serious trouble. Dr. Hampton now is trying to adapt the same method to showing the haustra, or tucks, of the colon which often churn up disease...