Word: barytron
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Dates: during 1938-1938
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...physical scheme. Then it was recalled that the Japanese physicist, Yukawa, had postulated the existence of just such a thing to help explain energy exchanges in the atomic nucleus. In honor of Yukawa, there is a tendency in Europe to call the particles yukons. The name barytron ("heavy particle") is gaining favor in the U. S. At the American Physical Society's convention in Chicago last week, barytrons were a popular subject of discussion...
Meanwhile Walther Heitler, co-author of a famed theory of electron absorption in gases, had called into theoretical being still another particle, the neutretto-similar in mass to the barytron but having no electrical charge. The existence of neutrettos has not been proved. But in Chicago last week Physicist Francis R. Shonka of the University of Chicago reported high-altitude cosmic-ray experiments, in which he juggled various arrangements of Geiger-Muller cosmic-ray counters and selective lead shields, obtained evidence of something which he took to be electrically neutral particles of high penetrating power...
...Plus Minns Neutral Heavy Proton (Negative proton) Neutron Intermediate Positive barytron Negative barytron (Neutretto) Light Positron Electron (Neutrino...
...picture printed last week is not the first barytron track to be photographed, but it is the best and perhaps the most unmistakable. Furthermore, it shows this cosmic particle "dying"-i.e., coming to rest in the gas. This was a rare piece of scientific luck but also a reward for patience...
...barytron was discovered as a product of cosmic-ray activity in the upper atmosphere. Several investigators, however, have suggested that the powerful forces which bind the nucleus of an atom together may be caused by a sort of "bubbling" within the nucleus-a continuous creation, exchange and reabsorption of heavy particles. Last week Dr. Hans A. Bethe of Cornell, a brilliant analyst of atomic behavior, showed how barytrons could perform this nuclear binding function if they exist in all three electrical states - positively charged, negatively charged, neutral...