Word: beams
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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From an equipment bay on the other side of the LM, the busy spacemen will remove EASEP (for Early Apollo Scientific Experiments Payload). They will set up one part of the package?a laser-beam reflector?some 70 ft. from the LM. The other experiment, a seismometer for measuring moonquakes and meteor impacts, will be placed 10 ft. farther away. Both will be left on the moon for the benefit of earthbound scientists (see following section...
...astronauts will also leave behind a laser reflector pointed toward the earth. The reflector actually consists of an array of 100 quartz corner reflectors, so called because they are shaped like the corner of a cube or a room. Each reflector has a valuable characteristic: it will reflect a beam of light directly back to the source. Thus light aimed at the lunar reflector from a laser located in Los Angeles, for instance, will bounce directly back to Los Angeles...
...timing the round trip of the laser beam, scientists will be able to fix the distance between the earth and the moon at any time to within 6 in. of the exact figure. This precise measuring rod should help answer a number of vexing scientific questions. By revealing previously unmeasurable variations in the orbit of the moon, for example, it should provide a better understanding of the nature of gravity. For if scientists can determine precisely how much the moon's orbit is increasing each year, they may finally be able to confirm?or disprove?the theory that the force...
...lunar environment is also ideal for cyclotrons and other devices that accelerate subatomic particles in a vacuum. For the same reason, electron beam-welding?which also requires a high vacuum?would be facilitated on the moon. Another joining process, cold-welding, could become an important part of lunar industry. In a vacuum, two perfectly clean and smooth metal surfaces?uncontaminated by oxides that are formed in the earth's atmosphere ?can be welded solidly together without heat and with little pressure...
...facilities, thanks to the support of the Government and the ingenuity of our staff, are as up-to-date as those of any other comparable High-Energy Physics Laboratory. As a matter of fact, we are developing a colliding beam facility unique in the U.S. whose goal is to study the laws of electrodynamics to much smaller distances than possible so far. Harvard is not only "getting free" just another laboratory, but one that is most up-to-date...