Word: beare
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...brain, including those associated with learning and memory. Without enough FMRP, protein production spins out of control, like a runaway train. The brain develops an abnormally dense number of connections, resulting in a variety of physical, mental and behavioral problems. "Fragile X is a disorder of excess," explains Mark Bear, lead author of the Neuron paper. "There are too many synapses, accelerated body growth, excessive protein synthesis, and excessive excitability, which leads to epilepsy...
...possible to correct the excesses of Fragile X by blocking these receptors, which act as accelerators of protein production. To test this idea, the researchers produced a special breed of mice that had the Fragile X trait but only half the normal number of mGluR5 receptors. The result, explains Bear: "We were able to correct the excesses [of Fragile X], taking our foot off the accelerator...
...happens, drugs that block the mGluR5 receptor already exist. Hagerman's group and a team at Rush University in Chicago are about to test one such drug, fenobam, as a treatment for Fragile X. Bear, meanwhile, has founded a company called Seaside Therapeutics that hopes to begin human safety tests of another drug as early as next year. Both researchers believe that a safe and effective mGluR5 inhibitor would help both children and adults with Fragile X Syndrome, though drug treatment early in childhood would seem to offer the most promise...
...German carmakers like BMW, Mercedes-Benz and even Volkswagen (through its subsidiary Audi) dominate the European market for high-performance, luxury vehicles. They resent being blamed for global warming, and say it is unfair that they have to bear the lion's share of cuts to meet greenhouse gas targets. A spokesman for BMW said, "Premium manufacturers are being disproportionately burdened and makers of small cars have to do little." Volkswagen called the penalty regime an "unacceptable burden...
...long step to banning the group altogether. "There are a lot of pedophiles in the Catholic Church, but no one is talking about outlawing" the church, notes Ulrich Battis, professor of constitutional law at Berlin's Humboldt University. And bringing the full weight of the federal government to bear on an organization that officials say has only 6,000 members in Germany would be seen as a disproportionate response given the political cost - Germany has already been criticized by the U.S. State Department for restrictions it places on Scientology. As an official puts it, "We have other things to worry...