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...actively creating a toxic environment for yourself?" he asks on his website. "Or are the messages that you send yourself characterized by a rational and productive optimism?" Cognitive approaches were first developed in the 1950s and early '60s by two researchers working independently, University of Pennsylvania psychiatrist Aaron Beck, now 84, and Albert Ellis, 92, a New York City psychologist. The therapy's ascendance was rapid, particularly in the academy. Although many therapists still practice an evolved form of Freudian analysis called psychodynamic therapy, it's difficult to find a therapist trained in the past 15 years who didn...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: The Third Wave of Therapy | 2/13/2006 | See Source »

...most prolific cognitive therapist has long been Beck, the University of Pennsylvania psychiatrist who first formulated the role of thoughts in depression in articles in 1963 and 1964. The recipient of virtually all his field's awards, Beck and his 51-year-old daughter Judith Beck, herself an esteemed psychologist, run the Beck Institute for Cognitive Therapy and Research from a corporate building near Philadelphia. Decorated with handmade Amish quilts, the nonprofit feels more like a rural dentist's office than the headquarters of an international psychology movement. But the institute carefully guards the reputation of cognitive therapy. Because...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: The Third Wave of Therapy | 2/13/2006 | See Source »

Like ACT, cognitive therapy shares a personality with its co-founder. Beck's biographer, Brown psychologist Marjorie Weishaar, writes that in his younger years, Beck had public-speaking anxiety and a phobia about tunnels. He solved both problems by correcting misimpressions he had developed: "One day, approaching the Holland Tunnel, he realized that he was interpreting the tightness in his chest as a sign he was suffocating," Weishaar writes. He wasn't, of course, and when he "worked that through cognitively," the phobia vanished. Similarly, his stage fright eased "with continued practice and challenging his automatic thoughts...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: The Third Wave of Therapy | 2/13/2006 | See Source »

When I first saw Beck at the therapy convention in November, I mistook him for a diffident patrician, an image he seemed to project with his neatly trimmed white hair, bow tie, tweed jacket, gray socks and grandfatherly laugh. In fact, Beck-the son of a Ukrainian socialist father and a "rather dominant" Russian mother, according to Weishaar-is a tireless defender of his therapy. He spoke to me with bemusement about the new wave of therapies. "I don't think you call something a revolution until it's actually happened," he said, chuckling. "You get new, popular approaches that...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: The Third Wave of Therapy | 2/13/2006 | See Source »

...writing, I don't answer phones. I don't care what else is going on," she says. She has a cell phone but never leaves it on. "You can't call me. I only call you. I think you have to stop thinking you are at everyone else's beck and call." Silence, she adds, is critical. "You cannot complete your thoughts with everything ringing...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Staying Sharp: The Case for Doing One Thing at a Time | 1/8/2006 | See Source »

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