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...teenager two years ago. Then came the allegations that she had obtained $80,000 from two property developers to help her lover set up a café and that Peter Robinson, upon learning of the deal, failed to report it. Finally, following days of lurid headlines, the political fallout began...
First Responder Whatever successes Ho does or doesn't have ahead of him, he long ago earned his credentials in the AIDS field. As a physician at the University of California, Los Angeles, in the early 1980s, he began keeping a diary of patients who were rushed to the emergency room with a mysterious amalgam of symptoms such as pneumonia, cancer and, most important, a devastating drop in immune function. After a few months, he noticed a pattern: most of the patients were gay men. Intrigued, he became nearly obsessive about chronicling the growing wave of cases. Within two years...
Vaccines in Vain But while AIDS scientists began making inroads in developing drug therapies, designing a vaccine was proving nearly impossible. Despite all that they have learned about HIV, experts are still missing one essential ingredient: to this day, they do not know exactly what cells or immune responses could protect the body from HIV infection. Could an antibody that binds to and neutralizes the virus do the trick? Are T cells, specially formulated to recognize portions of HIV's surface proteins, the solution? Or, as many experts now suspect, is some elusive combination of those factors...
...didn't take long before these futile efforts began to wear on the researchers in the field, not least of all those at ADARC, where Ho's group was attempting to develop its own vaccine - with little success. The center - which had earned such laurels for its ARV triumph - began to suffer a scientific slump and lack of direction, according to those who left in the early 2000s. Some blame Ho's management style, which, they say, changed in the aftermath of media attention that came with his recognition as Person of the Year. They describe a highly competitive atmosphere...
...malaise at the lab, which Ho attributes to personality conflicts among the faculty, began to infect the quality of the science. In 2002, Ho generated headlines when he thought he had found the X factor made by immune cells that protected some people from developing AIDS. It turned out, however, that his conclusion was premature. Other cells had contaminated his results, and he was forced to issue a "retraction of an interpretation" of the paper describing the study. "It was an embarrassing moment for us, but we fixed it ourselves," says Ho. "It was certainly a low point...