Word: behaviorism
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...just an ordinary young housewife, mother of two young children, with a husband in the Army, and like many others had heard tales of dubious behavior by the American troops in this country. The few we had seen in a neighboring town seemed noisy, and either chewed Spearmint or oversize cigars, and rather resembled the film version of a "tough guy" in gangster films...
...large part of the Negro 92nd Infantry Division trained for almost a year at Fort McClellan, Ala., with no serious trouble. San Diego reported a lower percentage of rape cases among Negroes than among white servicemen. Tucson's Chief of Police reported: "Conditions excellent, due to exceptionally good, behavior...
...Winston Churchill, angered by the exclusion of royalist Marshal Pietro Badoglio (TIME, June 26), was astounded and chagrined by the behavior of General Sir Harold R. L. G. Alexander, Allied commander in Italy. General Alexander not only accepted Bonomi, but put up practically no fight to keep Mr. Churchill's favorite, Badoglio, in the new Government...
Double Play? General de Gaulle had antagonized practically everybody, including some of his own associates, with his arbitrary behavior in London. But his posturings and demands had not improved the U.S. position. Said the shrewd London Economist: ". . . allowing for the worst the President can suspect, the present American attitude is calculated to bring about exactly those dangers which it is designed to prevent...
Maier concluded that the behavior of a completely frustrated creature differs from that of a normal one not in degree, as most psychologists have supposed, but in kind. Normally, a human being prevented from getting what he wants either finds a way around the obstacle or gives up his goal in favor of an attainable substitute. But a thoroughly thwarted individual loses all reasoning capacity and attacks his obstacle like a blindly baffled rat. The more he is punished, the stronger his fixation becomes...