Word: behaviors
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Fred Berlin, associate professor of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins medical school. "It's a label masquerading as an explanation." Others wonder whether the term is simply a catchall psychological description for people who are habitual criminals. Yet proponents argue that the disorder's core ingredients--a lifelong pattern of behavior, a willingness to break rules and hurt others, a lack of empathy or guilt--set certain criminals apart. "Empathy is what stops you and me from doing horrible things," says Black. "Every disorder has been criticized for being too broad. But the description of ASP hasn't fundamentally changed since...
...than do fraternal twins. Adrian Raine, a neuroscientist at the University of Southern California, has found that the brains of people with ASP look different from those of the rest of the population, with less gray matter in the prefrontal cortex, the part of the brain that regulates behavior and social judgment. Just last month University of Iowa neurobiologist Antonio Damasio reported findings from a study showing that early brain injuries affect the long-term ability to distinguish between right and wrong...
...Though certain medications, like Depakote, curb individual symptoms like aggression and impulsiveness, there have been no drug trials specifically for ASP. Fonagy claims intensive psychotherapy and parent training can help. But researchers say that signs of ASP often show up by age four or five, and that if the behavior is not caught and dealt with before adolescence, there's little hope of making significant change. New York City psychoanalyst Leon Hoffman points out another problem: people suffering from ASP are difficult to get into therapy because they typically don't think anything is wrong with them. "They...
...suspending kids left and right for minor infractions, like having blue-dyed hair. I am an 18-year-old student in my last semester of high school, and I'm not alone in thinking that getting tough with kids and having a zero-tolerance rule for weapons and violent behavior are absolutely right. Maybe the youngsters who were singled out had prior records of trouble at school. Booting students out of school and jailing them for a couple days doesn't solve anything in the long run. What about therapy and counseling for those who are teased and abused? Maybe...
What's better for a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder--behavior therapy or medications like Ritalin? The answer is, well, complicated. A new report shows medication alone or combined with therapy is decidedly more effective than therapy alone in reducing overt symptoms of adhd--the off-the-wall jumpiness and inattentiveness that exhausted parents know all too well. But combining drugs with behavior therapy seems to benefit kids in ways that drugs alone don't--like enabling them to make friends more easily and even score higher on achievement tests...