Word: beirutization
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Arens was appointed to replace Sharon in February after the tough former general's image was besmirched by the intensive of Beirut and the Chris tian Phalangist massacre of some 700 to 800 Palestinians and other Arabs in refugee camps outside the city. The new minister moved quickly to establish a new atmo sphere in the defense Establishment, and his quiet approach contrasted sharply with the shrill, impulsive outbursts of his predecessor. Still, Arens is as fully committed as Sharon and Begin to Israel's role in Lebanon and to retaining control over the West Bank. The other...
Dawn was breaking when the first barrage of rockets and mortars crashed into the small town of Kafr Matta, about ten miles southeast of Beirut, in Lebanon's Chouf mountains. Although the area had been the scene of fighting for ten months as Druze and Christian militiamen battled for control of the strategic region, this time the target was different and the implications for Lebanon's future far graver. The attack was the first salvo in a new challenge to President Amin Gemayel's fragile government...
Druze fighters followed up the attack on Kafr Matta last week with two days of intense shelling in and around Beirut International Airport. The bombardment hit a Lebanese army base south of Beirut and narrowly missed the Ministry of Defense and the presidential palace. Rockets landed perilously close to the headquarters of the U.S. Marine contingent that forms part of the four-nation peace-keeping force. Six U.S. Navy ships pulled out to sea as a precaution, and the Marines went on "Condition 1," the highest state of alert, which requires them to remain under cover...
...Chouf to negotiate an end to the fighting. It included a Druze, a Shi'ite Muslim and a Maronite. The three ministers met with Sheik Muhammad Abu Shaqra, spiritual leader of the Druze community, and then set off, with their armed escort, on the return trip to Beirut. They were soon intercepted by Druze gunmen and taken to Jumblatt's home in the town of Mukhtara. Jumblatt was not there, and it was unclear whether he even knew of the abductions. Abu Shaqra sped to the scene and spent the night with the ministers to ensure their safety...
Next day the ministers were released and returned safely to Beirut, where they relayed a list of ten demands from the Druze to Gemayel. The list included a call for the resignation of Prime Minister Chafik al Wazzan and his Cabinet. Wazzan immediately restated the government's intention to send the army into any areas vacated by foreign troops, which could lead to a confrontation with the Druze when the Israelis conduct their withdrawal from the Chouf some time before October. But after an emergency meeting of Christian and Muslim leaders, Information Minister Roger Shikhani announced that some...