Word: bela
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Reform was the fiery charger that carried Architect Fernando Belaúnde Terry into the presidency of Peru last June, and now he cannot dismount. Belaúnde promised to redistribute land, conjured up visions of public housing to replace the slums of Lima, talked of a vast road system to open up the rich lowlands beyond the Andes. But the most emotional pledge of all-and one echoed by all his opponents-was a promise to do something drastic about International Petroleum Co., the Standard Oil of New Jersey affiliate that owns one of Peru's richest oilfields...
Last week, at the end of the 90 days Belaúnde had promised himself to renegotiate the oil contract, Peru's Congress unanimously-right, left and center-shouted through a law canceling I.P.C.'s concession. "This," cried one conservative Congressman, "is an act of national liberation." Still in Congress is a second bill setting the terms for I.P.C. to remain in Peru. Along with other taxes, the bill calls for a 60% income tax without a depletion allowance. Although no specific sum is mentioned in the bill, the company may also have to pay a $50 million...
...Agreement. Once in office, Belaúnde opened negotiations for a new contract with I.P.C. President Milo M. Brisco. But the talks quickly turned sour. The company argued that Belaúnde's demand for $50 million plus a future 60% income tax amounted to "economic confiscation," took ads in Lima papers to show that I.P.C. would be losing money. I.P.C. wanted a 50% income tax; it agreed to pay the $50 million but insisted that these payments be considered deductible expenses against future taxes. All of this, the Peruvians refused...
...hard to argue with new President Fernando Belaúnde Terry's assessment of Peru's prospects as presented to Congress last week by his Premier: "The grave problems of our country are caused chiefly by low production levels, unjust distribution of wealth and income, the challenge of difficult and abrupt geography that hinders the development of our resources." It was just as hard to find fault with the aspirations of the program Belaúnde proposed to put things right...
Across his path stand barriers of political enmity and grudge. A year ago, in a disputed three-way election, old-time Revolutionary Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre, 68, beat Belaúnde by a bare 12,867 votes, but did not win the legally required one-third majority. The army, which bitterly dislikes Haya, an nulled the election and took over the country. Fairly defeated this time by Belaúnde but still feeling cheated, Haya last week joined political forces with the third candidate, ex-Dictator General Manuel Odría, 65, to form an alliance...