Word: bergius
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...seem to the layman to justify the granting of government subsidies. The process requires the introduction of large amounts of hydrogen to coal at high temperatures and under very great pressure: it results in a rough equalization of the ratios of hydrogen and carbon molecules in coal. Frederich Bergius developed the process for turning coal into crude oil in Germany in 1913, and Franz Fischer and Hans Tropsch devised a catalytic process for converting coal directly into gasoline in 1925. During World War II the Bergius and Fischer-Tropsch processes supplied the Nazi government with petroleum, and in late...
Died. Friedrich Bergius, 64, German-born scientist who won the 1931 Nobel Prize for chemistry (for converting coal into gasoline), an expert on ersatz foodstuffs which were later used by the Nazi war machine (he succeeded in making sugar out of sawdust); of a heart attack; in Buenos Aires...
Wrote he: "As a promontory among noses it would have earned the admiration of Slawken-Bergius.*. . . It is indeed a very remarkable nose . . . and one which differentiates itself from other remarkable noses. It has not the tremendous hook of Lord Chatham's; it is not aspiring, like the Younger Pitt's, nor wildly ambitious, like Lady Hester Stanhope's, nor grandly aquiline, like the Iron Duke's; but as one studies it there is a temptation to think that it must be prehensile, like an elephant's trunk...
...resource-poor nations like Germany and Italy, a large part of war science is concerned with the invention and manufacture of Ersatz or substitute foods and synthetic materials. Germany's brilliant chemist, Friedrich Bergius, 54, who a quarter-century ago conceived the hydrogenation process for making gasoline from coal, is likely to be one of the most useful men in warring Germany, and one of the most hated by those who have to eat his Ersatz foods. From sawdust Bergius has extracted a digestible sugar, equal in food value to barley. Of the sawdust 60% to 65% becomes sugar...
Last week busy Nobelist Bergius bustled from Pittsburgh to Cambridge, Mass, to address the Harvard Tercentenary Conference on Arts & Sciences which got under way last fortnight (TIME, Sept. 14), continucd last week. At Cambridge, without going into much detail as to method, the German declared that he is getting a digestible sugar, equal in food value to barley, from sawdust, which is mostly a waste product or burned as an inferior fuel in lumber mills. Of the sawdust 60% to 65% becomes sugar, 5% acetic acid, 30% lignin which again can be used to make charcoal or wallboard. The sugar...