Word: berkner
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...BELLAH BERKNER...
...Washington last week Physicist Lloyd Viel Berkner of the Carnegie Institution told what is known or surmised, in the light of most recent researches, about ''The Electrical State of the Earth's Outer Atmosphere." When radio waves of different frequencies are directed up at the ionosphere, some are bounced back to the starting point where the elapsed time is recorded while others escape into space. From this data the heights and densities of the layers can be calculated. Of the three major layers, said Dr. Berkner, the lowest (E) averages 65 miles high, the next...
...Berkner pointed out that better acquaintance with the ionosphere has made it possible to say which short-wave frequencies will be best at different seasons and various stages of the sunspot cycle. Few years ago when many short-wave police radio stations were set up, the ranges were generally limited to 30 or 40 miles, since the signals escaped through the thin ionosphere into outer space. Now, with greater ion density in the upper air, messages for New York City police radio cars sometimes even carry across the Atlantic Ocean...